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Quality Management in Construction Projects

Quality is a universal phenomenon that has been a matter of great concern throughout recorded history. It was always the determination of builders and makers of products to ensure that their products meet the customer’s desire.

With the advent of globalization and the competitive market, the emphasison quality management has increased. Quality has become the most important single factor for the survival and success of today’s companies.

Customer demands for better products and services at the lowest possible costs have put tremendous pressure on firms to improve the quality of products, services, and processes to compete in the market and improve business results.

It became important that construction projects be more qualitative, competitive,and economical to meet owner’s expectations.

Construction projects have the involvement of many participants including the owner, designer, contractor, and many other professionals from construction-related industries.

Each of these participants is involved in implementing quality in construction projects. These participants are both influenced by and depend on each other in addition to “other players”

involved in the construction process. Therefore, the construction projects have become more complex and technical, and extensive efforts are required to reduce rework and costs associated with time, materials, and engineering.

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Code of Practice for Project Management for Construction and Development

Project management has come a long way since its modern introduction to construction
projects in the late 1950s. Now, it is an established discipline which executively
manages the full development process, from the client’s idea to funding coordination
and acquirement of planning and statutory controls approval, sustainability, design
delivery, through to the selection and procurement of the project team, construction,
commissioning, handover, review, to facilities management coordination.

This Code of Practice positions the project manager as the client’s representative,
although the responsibilities may vary from project to project; consequently,
project management may be defined as ‘the overall planning, co-ordination and
control of a project from inception to completion aimed at meeting a client’s
requirements in order to produce a functionally and financially viable project that
will be completed safely, on time, within authorised cost and to the required
quality standards’.

The fifth edition of this Code of Practice is the authoritative guide and reference to the
principles and practice of project management in construction and development. It
will be of value to clients, project management practices and educational establishments
and students, and to the construction and development industries. Much of
the information contained in the Code of Practice will also be relevant to project
management practitioners operating in other commercial spheres.

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Railway Geotechnics

Railway Geotechnics is written by four colleagues who studied at the University of Massachusetts, Amherst, in an academic program advised by Professor Ernest T. Selig.

Our collective time at the university spanned over a decade, during which we were individually inspired by Professor Selig to work on and further advance the subject of railway geotechnology, whichhe pioneered and developed into a rigorous field of study.

Since graduation, the aggregate of our professional experience includes railway operations,
consulting, research, and education.

The field of railway geotechnology was in its infancy when we were in our early careers.

Because the engineering behavior of track substructure was not well understood up to that point, perspectives on the causes and cures of substructure instability were often informed by anecdote rather than by verifiable fact. Mystique surrounded the subject in the absence of critical thinking,

often resulting in costly applications of remedial methods that did not address the root causes of track substructure problems.

Advancing the field of railway geotechnology by the writing of this book is a natural step for each of us in our careers.

The book continues the work Track Geotechnology and Substructure Management by Selig and Waters (1994) and provides an update to this field of study so that current railway
engineers and managers have easier access to new and emerging best practices.

During years of writing and discussions, we each had moments that challenged some of our beliefs while we debated the merits of emerging technology and practices.The goal of this book is to provide a better understanding track substructure in order to enable more effective design, construction, maintenance, and management of railway track so as to ensure the vitality of rail transportation.

We hope that this work will prove useful to current railway engineers and managers as well as college students pursuing careers in the field of railway engineering.

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Principles of Structural Design Wood Steel and Concrete

Buildings and other structures are classified based on the risk associated with unacceptable performance of the structure, according to Table 1.1.

The risk categories range from I to IV, where category I represents buildings and other structures that pose no danger to human life in the event of failure and category IV represents all essential facilities.

Each structure is assigned the highest applicable risk category.

Assignment of more than one risk category to the same structure based on use and loading conditions is permitted.

To safeguard public safety and welfare, towns and cities across the United States follow certain
codes for design and construction of buildings and other structures.

Until recently, towns and cities modeled their codes based on the following three regional codes, which are normally revised at 3-year intervals:

1. The Building Officials and Code Administrators National Building Code
2. The Uniform Building Code
3. The Standard Building Code

The book is appropriate for an academic program in architecture, construction management,
general engineering, and civil engineering, where the curriculum provides for a joint coursework in wood, steel, and concrete design.

The book has four sections, expanded into 17 chapters. Section I, comprising Chapters 1
through 5, enables students to determine the various types and magnitude of loads that will be acting on any structural element and the combination(s) of those loads that will control the design.

ASCE 7-10 has made major revisions to the provisions for wind loads. In Section I, the philosophy of the load and resistance factor design and the unified approach to design are explained.

Wood design in Section II from Chapters 6 through 8 covers sawn lumber, glued laminated
timber, and structural composite or veneer lumber, which are finding increased application in wood structures.

The NDS 2012 has modified the format conversion factors and has also introduced some
new modification factors.

First, the strength capacities in accordance with the NDS 2012 for tensile, compression, and bending members are discussed and the basic designs of these members are performed.

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Steel Design 5th Edition

Steel Design, Fifth Edition covers the fundamentals of structural steel design for buildings.

This book is intended for junior-and senior-level engineering students, although some of the later chapters can be used in a combination undergraduate/graduate course.

Practicing civil engineers who need a review of current practice and the

current AISC Specification and Manual will find the book useful as a reference.

Students should have a background in mechanics of materials and analysis of statically determinate structures.

Knowledge of statically indeterminate structural analysis is not a prerequisite for the use of this book.

Structural design is a complex endeavor, involving the synthesis of many processes.

This book does not cover the integrated design of buildings, but presents some of the “building blocks” for structural steel design.

We focus on the analysis and design of individual members and connections, rather than complete structures.

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Geotechnical Engineering Principles and Practices of Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering

This book has the following objectives:
1. T o explain the fundamentals of the subject from theory to practice in a logical way
2. T o be comprehensive an d mee t th e requirements o f undergraduate students
3. T o serve as a foundation course for graduate students pursuing advanced knowledge in the subject

There are 21 chapters i n this book. The first chapter trace s the historical background o f the
subject and the second deals with the formation and mineralogical composition o f soils.

Chapter 3 covers th e inde x properties an d classification of soil. Chapters 4 and 5 explain soi l permeability , seepage, an d th e effec t o f water on stress conditions in soil .

Stresses developed in soil due to imposed surface loads , compressibility and consolidation characteristics , and shear strength characteristics o f soil are dealt with in Chapters 6,7 , and 8 respectively. The first eight chapters develop the necessary tools for computing compressibility an d strength characteristics o f soils.

Chapter 9 deals with methods for obtainig soil samples in the field for laboratory tests and for constructed on an outcrop of sound rock, no foundation is required. Hence, in contrast to the
building itself which satisfies specific needs, appeals to the aesthetic sense, and fills its
matters with pride, the foundations merely serve as a remedy for the deficiencies of whatever
whimsical nature has provided for the support of the structure at the site which has been
selected. On account of the fact that there is no glory attached to the foundations, and that
the sources of success or failures are hidden deep in the ground, building foundations have
always been treated as step children; and their acts of revenge for the lack of attention can be
very embarrassing.
The comments made by Terzaghi are very significan t an d shoul d b e take n not e o f by all
practicing Architects an d Engineers. Architects or Engineers who do not wish to make use of the growing knowledge of foundation design are not rendering true service t o their profession. Since substructures are as important as superstructures, persons wh o are well qualified in

the design ofsubstructures should always be consulted an d the old proverb tha t a ‘stitc h i n time save s nine ‘ should always be kept in mind.

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Fundamentals of Earthquake Engineering

The aim of this book is to serve as an introduction to and an overview of the latest structural earthquake engineering. The book deals with aspects of geology, engineering seismology and geotechnical engineering that are of service to the earthquake structural engineering educator, practitioner and researcher. It frames earthquake structural engineering within a framework of balance between ‘ Demand ’ and ‘ Supply ’ (requirements imposed on the system versus its available capacity for action and deformation
resistance).

In a system – integrated framework, referred to as ‘ From Source – to – Society ’ , where ‘ Source ’ describes the focal mechanisms of earthquakes, and ‘ Society ’ describes the compendium of effects on complex societal systems, this book presents information pertinent to the evaluation of actions and deformations imposed by earthquakes on structural systems. It is therefore a ‘ Source – to – Structure ’ text.

Practising engineers with long and relatively modern experience in earthquake – resistant design in high – seismicity regions will fi nd the book on the whole easy to read and rather basic. They may however appreciate the presentation of fundamental response parameters and may fi nd their connection to the structural and societal limit states refreshing and insightful. They may also benefi t from the modelling notes of Chapter 4 , since use is made of concepts of fi nite element representation in a specifi cally earthquake engineering context. Many experienced structural earthquake engineering practitioners will fi nd Chapter 3 on input motion useful and practical. The chapter will aid them in selection of appropriate aracterization of ground shaking. The book as a whole, especially Chapters 3 and 4 is highly recommended for practising engineers with limited or no experience in earthquake engineering.

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Steel Structures Design and Practice

Structural design emphasizes that the elements of a structure are to be proportioned
and joined together in such a way that they will be able to withstand all the loads
(load effects) that are likely to act on it during its service life, without excessive
deformation or collapse.

Structural design is often considered as an art as well as
a science. It must balance theoretical analysis with practical considerations, such
as the degree of certainty of loads and forces, the actual behaviour of the structure
as distinguished from the idealized analytical and design model, the actual behaviour
of the material compared to the assumed elastic behaviour, and the actual properties
of materials used compared to the assumed ones.

Steel is one of the major construction materials used all over the world. It has
many advantages over other competing materials, such as high strength to weight
ratio, high ductility (hence its suitability for earthquake-resistant structures), and
uniformity. It is also agreen material in the sense that it is fully recyclable. Presently,
several grades and shapes of steel products exist.

Structural designers need to have a sound knowledge of structural steel behaviour,
including the material behaviour of steel, and the structural behaviour of individual
elements and of the complete structure. Unless structural engineers are abreast of
the recent developments and understand the relationships between the structural
behaviour and the design criteria implied by the rules of the design codes, they will
be following the coda1 rules rigidly and blindly and may even apply them incorrectly
in situations beyond their scope.

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Crane Supporting Steel Structure Design Guide

This guide fills a long-standing need for technical information for the design and construction of crane-supporting steel structures that is compatible with Canadian codes and standards written in Limit States format.

It is intended to be used in conjunction with the National Building Code of Canada, 2005 (NBCC 2005), and CSAStandard S16-01, Limit States Design of Steel Structures (S16-01). Previous editions of these documents have not covered many loading and design issues of crane-supporting steel structures in sufficient detail.

Whilemany references are available as given herein, they do not cover loads and load combinations for limit states design nor are they well correlated to the class of cranes being supported. Classes of cranes are defined in CSA

Standard B167 or in specifications of the Crane Manufacturers Association of America (CMAA).

This guide provides information on how to apply the current Canadian Codes and Standards to aspects of design of crane-supporting structures such as loads, load combinations, repeated loads, notional loads, monosymmetrical sections, analysis for torsion, stepped columns, and distortion induced fatigue.

The purpose of this design guide is twofold:

1. To provide the owner and the designer with a practical set of guidelines, design aids, and references that can be applied when designing or assessing the condition of crane-supporting steel structures.

2. To provide examples of design of key components of crane-supporting structures in accordance with:

(a) loads and load combinations that have proven to be reliable and are generally accepted by the industry,

(b) the recommendations contained herein, including NBCC 2005 limit states load combinations,

(d) duty cycle analysis.

The scope of this design guide includes crane-supporting steel structures regardless of the type of crane.

Theinteraction of the crane and its supporting structure is addressed. The design of the crane itself, including jib cranes, gantry cranes, ore bridges, and the like, is beyond the scope of this Guide and is covered by specifications such as those published by the CMAA.

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Elastic Beam Calculations Handbook

As a comprehensive analytic treatment on elastic beam problems, with balanced
emphasis on both the theoretical and the practical, this book is a vastly expanded
version of the author’s Goldenbrook’s Little Red Book (2004) both in spirit and in style
and with the same approach I call open-mindedness.

The previous book was writtenprimarily for students.

The prevailing trend in education advocates critical thinking

and promotes continuing education, as exemplified by the requirements for Profes-
sional Engineer licensing.

Therefore, this book is intended for students and their teachers, as well as all structural engineers and applied mathematics professionals.

This book uses innovative analytic approaches that combine tactful applications of
mathematics with structural engineering, thereby helping the reader gain insight into
the physical implications of the formulae presented.

This means that an effective analytic treatment of the elastic beams will shed light on how the numerical work can best be planned and executed with clarity and optimal results, as well as a
minimum of time, effort, and cost.

The writing philosophy of this book leads to a presentation at once both simple
and logical, so that many important and interesting problems can be solved as
corollaries of a general theorem.

In this way, the reader will be able to see not only the trees but also the forest; this “big picture” approach is intended to be both enjoyable and inspirational.

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