Project Name: 4 star business hotel
Description: PLANS WORK BUSINESS HOTEL. HAS SPA , GYM; CONVENTION CENTER; BAR AND RESTAURANT
Category: Autocad Drawing / Projects / Casinos – hotels – restaurants
File extension: DWG
POLEFDN” is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of analysis of a pole foundation assuming the use of a rigid round pier which is assumed free (unrestrained) at the top and subjected to lateral and vertical loads.
Specifically, the required embedment depth, the maximum moment and shear, the plain concrete stresses, and the soil bearing pressures are calculated.This program is a workbook consisting of six (6) worksheets, described as follows:
Doc – Documentation sheet
Pole Fdn (Czerniak) – Pole foundation analysis for free-top round piers using PCA/Czerniak method
Pole Fdn (UBC-IBC) – Pole foundation analysis for free-top round piers using UBC/IBC method
Pole Fdn (OAAA) – Pole foundation analysis for free-top round piers using OAAA method
Granular Soil (Teng) – Pole foundation analysis in granular soil using USS/Teng method
Cohesive Soil (Teng) – Pole foundation analysis in cohesive soil using USS/Teng method
Program Assumptions and Limitations:
1. Since there is not a universally accepted method for pole foundation analysis, this program offers up five (5) different methods of determining embedment length for pole foundations. The “Pole Fdn(Czerniak)” worksheet is the primary method emphasized in this program, since it provides the most detail in overall analysis. However, it does yield the most conservative embedment depth results of all the methods presented.
2. The references used in the different analysis methods in this program are as follows:
a.”Design of Concrete Foundation Piers” – by Frank Randall Portland Cement Association (PCA) – Skokie, IL, May 1968
b.”Resistance to Overturning of Single, Short Piles” – by Eli Czerniak ASCE Journal of the Structural Division, Vol. 83, No. ST2, Paper 1188, March 1957
c.1997 Uniform Building Code (UBC), Section 1806.8, page 2-45
d.Outdoor Advertising Association of America (OAAA) – New York, NY
e.”Tapered Steel Poles – Caisson Foundation Design” Prepared for United States Steel Corporation by Teng and Associates, July 1969
f.AASHTO Publication LTS-5 – Standard Specifications for Structural Supports for Highway Signs, Luminaries, and Traffic Signals (Fifth Edition, 2009)
Note: references “a” and “b” refer to the “Pole Fdn(Czerniak)” worksheet, while references “e” and “f” refer to both the “Granular Soil(Teng)” and “Cohesive Soil(Teng)” worksheets.
3. The “Pole Fdn(Czerniak)” worksheet assumes that the foundation is short, rigid, meeting the criteria that the foundation embedment length divided by the foundation diameter
4. This program will handle both horizontally as well as vertically applied loads. The vertical load may have an associated eccentricity which results in an additional overturning moment which is always assumed to add directly to the overturning moment produced by the horizontal load.
5. This program assumes that the top of the pier is at or above the top of the ground surface level.
6. This program assumes that the actual resisting surface is at or below the ground surface level. This accounts for any weak soil or any soil which may be removed at the top.
7. The “Pole Fdn(Czerniak)” worksheet assumes that the rigid pier rotates about a point located at a distance, ‘a’, below the resisting the surface. The maximum shear in pier is assumed to be at that ‘a’ distance, while the maximum moment in the pier is assume to be at a distance = ‘a/2′.
8. The “Pole Fdn(Czerniak)” worksheet calculates the “plain” (unreinforced) concrete stresses, compression, tension, and shear in the pier. The respective allowable stresses are also determined based on the strength (f’c) of the concrete. This is done to determine if steel reinforcing is actually required. However, whether minimum reinforcing is to be used or not is left up to the user. The allowable tension stress in “plain” concrete is assumed to be equal to 10% of the value of the allowable compressive stress.
9. The “Pole Fdn(Czerniak)” worksheet calculates the actual soil bearing pressures along the side of the pier at distances equal to ‘a/2′ and ‘L’. The respective allowable passive pressures at those locations are determined for comparison. However, it is left up to the user to determine the adequacy.
10. Since all overturning loads are resisted by the passive pressure against the embedment of the pier, this program assumes that the pier acts in direct end bearing to resist only the vertical loading. The bottom of pier bearing pressure is calculated, which includes the self-weight of the pier, assumed at 0.150 kcf for the concrete
Excel spreadsheets used in Design of Highways.
List of files:
AnchorageToMasonry.xls
BeamToWall.xls
BearingWallOpening.xls
BendingPostAtTopWall.xls
CollectorToWall.xls
DevelopmentSpliceMasonry.xls
Elevator-DSA-OSHPD.xls
FlushWallPilaster-CBC.xls
FlushWallPilaster-IBC.xls
GirderAtWall.xls
HorizontalBendingWall.xls
MasonryBeam.xls
MasonryBearingWall-CBC.xls
MasonryBearingWall-IBC.xls
masonrycolumn-cbc.xls
masonrycolumn-ibc.xls
masonryshearwall-cbc.xls
MasonryShearWall-IBC.xls
Engineering spreadsheet environment and spreadsheet hosting application with embedded links to Robot Structural Analysis products, allowing users to integrate their spreadsheet applications and communicate with Robot Structural Analysis.
Spreadsheet Calculator consists of a set of simple and complex calculation schemas for many areas of structural engineering. It provides a practical representation of codes and standards that can be used when performing calculations as well as detailed formulas for specific engineering problems. You can create complex calculations by selecting simple problems.
You can also add custom calculations to the existing schemas or create new schemas using the Spreadsheet Calculator tools. This way you can build a library of custom applications. Parameters can be exchanged between schemas so the output of a given calculation can serve as the input for other calculations.
Spreadsheet Calculator program is an open system.
You can have an unlimited number of new schemas, codes, libraries, languages.
Because Spreadsheet Calculator is built on COM technology, you can exchange information among other programs and engineering tools.
Output from Spreadsheet Calculator can be read as input into the Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis program. There is no need to type the information.
You can generate structure models using the Autodesk Robot Structural Analysis program.
You can perform a detailed analysis of structure data.Calculations are presented as complete technical documents containing detailed formulas, code references, and drawings. A generalized schema of a library module as well as its graphical form is maintained for all engineering problems.
The USGS 3D Elevation Program (3DEP) announced the availability of a new way to access and process lidar point cloud data from the 3DEP repository. 3DEP has been acquiring three-dimensional information across the United States using light detection and ranging (lidar) technology- an airborne laser-based remote sensing technology that collects billions of lidar returns while flying- and making results available to the public.
The USGS has been strategically focused on providing new mechanisms to access 3DEP data beyond simple downloads. With 3DEP’s adoption of cloud storage and computing, users now have the option to work with massive lidar point cloud datasets without having to download them to local machines.
Currently, there are over 1.77 million ASPRS LAS tiles compressed using the LASzip compression encoding in the us-west-2 region, which equates to over 12 trillion lidar point cloud records available from over 1,254 projects across the United States. This resource provides users a mechanism to retrieve and work with 3DEP data that is quicker than the free FTP download protocol.
“The 3D Elevation Program was founded on the concept that high-resolution elevation data should be provided unlicensed, free and open to the public,” explained Kevin Gallagher, Associate Director for USGS Core Science System. “This agreement with Amazon helps to fulfill that promise by providing cloud-access to the trillions of data points collected through the Program.
The democratization of elevation data is a tremendous achievement by the community of partners leading this effort and promises to revolutionize approaches to applications from flood forecasting and geologic assessments to precision agriculture and infrastructure development.”
Hobu, Inc. and the U.S Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL) collaborated with the Amazon Web Services (AWS) Public Datasets team to organize these data as Entwine Point Tile (EPT) resources, which is a lossless, streamable octree based on LASzip (LAZ) encoding. The data are now part of the Open Data registry provided by AWS, similar to the Landsat archive.
US: Livox is shifting the marketplace for LiDAR sensors by introducing a reliable, compact, ready-to-use solution for innovators, professionals and engineers, around the world working closely with 3D sensing technology. After years of intense R&D and exhaustive testing, Livox has released three high-performance LiDAR sensors: The Mid-40/Mid-100, Horizon, and Tele-15. All sensors are developed with a wide range of different industry applications in mind, offering customers a best-in-class combination of precision, range, price and size.
As the first available Livox sensor, the Mid-40/Mid-100 sensor can accurately sense three-dimensional spatial information under various environmental conditions, and plays an indispensable role in fields such as autonomous driving, robotics, mapping, logistics, security, search and rescue, to name a few.
Low Cost and Mass Production
Traditionally, high-performance mechanical LiDAR products usually demand highly-skilled personnel and are therefore prohibitively expensive and in short supply. To encourage the adoption of LiDAR technology in a number of different industries ranging from 3D mapping and surveying to robotics and engineering, Livox Mid-40/Mid-100 is developed with cost-efficiency in mind while still maintaining superior performance.
Instead of using expensive laser emitters or immature MEMS scanners, Mid-40/Mid-100 adopts lower cost semiconductor components for light generation and detection. The entire optical system, including the scanning units, uses proven and readily available optical components such as those employed in the optical lens industry. This sensor also introduces a uniquely-designed low cost signal acquisition method to achieve superior performance. All these factors contribute to an accessible price point – $599 for a single unit of Mid-40.
Livox Mid-40/Mid-100 adopts a large aperture refractive scanning method that utilizes a coaxial design. This approach uses far fewer laser detector pairs, yet maintains the high point density and detection distances. This design dramatically reduces the difficulty of optical alignment during production and enable significant production yield increase.
Powerful and Compact
The Mid-40 sensor covers a circular FOV of 38.4 degrees with a detection range of up to 260 meters (for objects with reflectivity at 80%). Meanwhile, the Mid-100 combines three Mid-40 units internally to form an expansive horizontal FOV of 98.4 degrees (Horizontal) x 38.4 degrees (Vertical). The point rate for Mid-40 is 100,000 points/s while for Mid-100 is 300,000 points/s. The range precision (1σ @ 25 m) of each sensor is 2 cm and the angular accuracy is < 0.1 degrees.
Livox sensor’s advanced non-repetitive scanning patterns deliver highly-accurate details. These scanning patterns even provide high point density in a short period of time and can even build up a higher density as the duration increases. The Mid series can achieve the same or greater point density as conventional 32-line LiDAR sensors.
With this level of 3D sensing capability, Livox has optimized the hardware and mechanical design, so that a compact body of Mid sensors enables users to easily embed units into existing designs.
Reliable and Safe
All Livox LiDAR sensors are individually and thoroughly tested and are proved to work in a variety of environments. Every single unit has a false detection rate of less than one ten-thousandth, even in the 100 klx sunlight condition[3]. Each sensor’s laser power meets the requirements for a Class 1 laser product to IEC 60825-1(2014) and is safe for human eyes[4]. The Mid-40/Mid-100 operate in temperatures between -4 degrees F and 149 degrees F (-20 degrees C to 65 degrees C) and always reliably output point cloud data for objects with different reflectivity. Livox LiDAR does not use any moving electronic components, thus avoiding challenges such as slip ring failures, a common problem in conventional, rotating LiDAR units. Livox has also optimized the optoelectronic system, including software, firmware, and algorithms, enhancing environmental adaption in a wide variety of conditions including rain, smoke, and fog.
Livox Horizon and Tele-15
Beside Mid-40/Mid-100 sensors, Livox is currently working on extending its product portfolio with two additional LiDAR sensors, the Horizon and Tele-15.
The Livox Horizon is a high-performance LiDAR which offers a broader FOV with much higher coverage ratio while retaining all the key advantages of the Mid-40, such as long detection range, high precision, and a compact size. Compared with the Mid-40, the Horizon has a similar measuring range, but features a more-rectangular-shaped FOV that is 81.7 degrees horizontal and 25.1 degrees vertical, highly suitable for autonomous driving applications. The Horizon also delivers real-time point cloud data that is three times denser than the Mid series LiDAR sensors.
Made for advanced long-distance detection, the Livox Tele-15 offers the compact size, high-precision, and durability of the Mid-40 while vastly extending the real-time mapping range. This allows users to detect and avoid obstacles well in advance when moving at higher speeds.
As for the Tele-15, it features an ultra-long measuring range of 500 meters when reflectivity is at 80%. Even with 20% reflectivity, the measuring range is still up to 250 meters. In addition, the Tele-15 has a circular FOV of 15 degrees and delivers a point cloud that is 17 times denser than the Mid-40. These key features enable the Tele-15 to see objects far ahead with great details.
Livox Hub
The Livox Hub is a streamlined way to integrate and manage Livox LiDAR sensors and their data outputs. When using Livox Hub with our LiDAR SDK, you will have unified access to software and hardware, making the development process simplified and efficient. The Livox Hub can access up to 9 LiDAR sensors simultaneously and supports an input range of 10-23V.
Livox SDK
To release the unlimited potential of LiDAR, Livox SDK offers a wide range of essential tools that help users develop unique applications and algorithms. The Livox SDK supports various development platforms, such as C and C++ in Linux/Windows/ROS and applies to all existing products such as Livox Mid-40, Mid-100, Horizon, Tele-15, Hub.
Bentley Systems presented SYNCHRO XR, its app for immersively visualizing 4D construction digital twins with the new Microsoft HoloLens 2, which Microsoft announced during a press conference at Mobile World Congress in Barcelona.
Selected as a Microsoft mixed reality partner representing the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry, Bentley demonstrated how with SYNCHRO XR for HoloLens 2, users can interact collaboratively with digital construction models using intuitive gestures to plan, visualize, and experience construction sequencing.
Project digital twin data is visualized with the HoloLens 2 via Bentley’s connected data environment, powered by Microsoft Azure. With the mixed reality solution, construction managers, project schedulers, owner-operators, and other project stakeholders can gain insights through immersive visualization into planned work, construction progress, potential site risks, and safety requirements. Additionally, users can interact with the model together and collaboratively experience 4D objects in space and time, as opposed to traditional interaction with a 2D screen depicting 3D objects.
Noah Eckhouse, senior vice president, project delivery for Bentley Systems, said, “Our SYNCHRO XR app for HoloLens 2 provides a totally new way to interact with digital twins for infrastructure projects. Users benefit from a new perspective on the design and a deeper, more immediate understanding of the work and project schedule. Instead of using a 2D screen with a mouse and keyboard, the user can now walk around the model with their body and reach out and grab digital objects that appear to co-occupy physical reality. This is a powerful way to review work that is completed and to prepare for upcoming work at the jobsite.”
Menno de Jonge, director of digital construction for the Royal BAM Group, said, “We are currently using SYNCHRO and HoloLens 2 mixed reality solution for the construction site for a large museum project in the city of Rotterdam. The real need for a digital transformation in our industry is about avoiding rework at our construction site. Using this technology, we can easily visualize the construction schedule. Then, we can see if we are behind in schedule, we can flag any potential problems or issues, look into the problems, and get back on track.”
Source: www.geospatialworld.net
Trimble has announced a new wearable hard hat compatible device that enables workers in safety-controlled environments to access holographic information on the worksite—the Trimble® XR10 with HoloLens 2.
In addition, an expanded set of Trimble software and services will be available to provide field-oriented workflows that leverage constructible 3D models and mixed reality to solve daily work tasks.
The announcement was made with Microsoft at MWC Barcelona (formerly Mobile World Congress), the largest mobile event in the world, bringing together the latest innovations and leading-edge technology.
The Trimble XR10 with HoloLens 2 is the first device created with the Microsoft HoloLens Customization Program and integrates the latest spatial computing technology into a certified solution for use with a hard hat for worker safety. With a wider field-of-view, improved usability and a unique, flip-up viewscreen, the Trimble XR10 with HoloLens 2 combines state-of-the-art mixed reality and safe operation in restricted access work areas.
The full solution provides even greater accessibility to 3D models by front-line workers. Field-oriented workflows enable broad adoption of mixed-reality for jobsite activities to improve efficiency, productivity and quality of work. Continued development of the cloud-based collaboration platform, Trimble Connect™ for HoloLens, is enabling workers in the field to get more value from constructible 3D models and transform daily work such as assembly and inspections.
“Microsoft has provided both the vision and execution needed to stay at the forefront of the mixed-reality evolution,” said Aviad Almagor, director of Trimble’s Mixed-Reality Program. “We’re excited to extend our collaboration with Microsoft in producing a safety-first mixed-reality solution that can be used in production environments such as construction, where workers are building, monitoring and inspecting products and services that deliver tangible value every day.”
“The ability to access and interact with holographic content has inspired new visualization, collaboration, and production workflows in enterprise markets,” said Alex Kipman, technical fellow, AI and Mixed Reality at Microsoft. “For people that spend their days on the work site, the Trimble XR10 with HoloLens 2 and Trimble’s portfolio of software unlocks the power of mixed-reality to help them get more work done.”
Source: www.geospatialworld.net
