The Handbook of Highway Engineering T. F. Fwa

The Handbook of Highway Engineering
T. F. Fwa

A safe and efficient land transportation system is an essential element of sustainable regional or national
economy.

Roads have been and continue to be the backbone of the land transportation network that provides the accessibility for the required mobility to support economic growth and promote social activities. As more and more advanced and speedy modes of transportation are developed over time, and as the economic activities of the human society grow in pace and sophistication, the roles of roads have multiplied and their importance increased. At the same time, the potential adverse impacts of road development have also grown in magnitude, especially when proper planning, design, construction or management is not carried out.

To fully exploit the benefits of highway development and minimize possible adverse influences, the study of highway engineering must expand from merely meeting the basic needs of offering safe and speedy access from one point to another, to a field of study that not only covers the structural and functional requirements of highways and city streets, but also addresses the socio-economic and environmental impacts of road network development.

Traditional engineering curriculum does not adequately cover these somewhat “softer” aspects of highway engineering and the societal roles of highway engineers. It is the intention of this Handbook to provide the deserved attention to these topics by devoting Part A with five chapters on issues related to highway planning and development.

Few professionals will disagree that the highway engineer today must have sufficient knowledge in the areas of highway financing, access management, environmental impacts, road safety and noise. The five chapters should provide the necessary information on the social and environmental responsibilities of a highway engineer to the undergraduate student of civil engineering and the graduate research student in highway engineering. In addition, the highway engineer and the general reader would find an in-depth up-to-date account of the trend toward privatization of highway development and financing of highway projects.

Content :

Part A Highway Planning and Development Issues
Financing Highways
Access Management of Highways
Environmental Impact Assessment of Highway Development
Highway Safety
Road Traffic Noise
Part B Functional and Structural Design of Highways
Highway Geometric Design
Highway Materials
Design of Flexible Pavements
Design of Rigid Pavements
Design of Segmental Pavements
Overlay Design for Flexible Pavements
Overlay Design for Rigid Pavements
Highway Drainage Systems and Design
Part C Construction, Maintenance and Management of Highways
Highway Construction
Project Management in Highway Construction
Highway Maintenance
Pavement Management Systems

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Reynolds’s Reinforced Concrete Designer’s Handbook

A structure is an assembly of members each of which, under the action of imposed loads and deformations, is subjected to bending or direct force (either tensile or compressive), or to a combination of bending and direct force. These effects may be accompanied by shearing forces and sometimes by torsion.

Imposed deformations occur as a result of concrete shrinkage and creep, changes in temperature and differential settlement. Behaviour of the structure in the event of fire or accidental damage, resulting from impact or explosion, may need to be examined. The conditions of exposure to environmental and chemical attack also need to be considered.

Design includes selecting a suitable form of construction, determining the effects of imposed loads and deformations,
and providing members of adequate stiffness and resistance. The members should be arranged so as to combine efficient load transmission with ease of construction, consistent with the intended use of the structure and the nature of the site.

Experience and sound judgement are often more important than precise calculations in achieving safe and economical structures. Complex mathematics should not be allowed to confuse a sense of good engineering. The level of accuracy employed in the calculations should be consistent throughout the design process, wherever possible.

Structural design is largely controlled by regulations or codes but, even within such bounds, the designer needs to exercise judgement in interpreting the requirements rather than designing to the minimum allowed by the letter of a clause. In the United Kingdom for many years, the design of reinforced concrete structures has been based on the recommendations of British Standards.

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Structural Elements for Architects and Builders Jonathan Ochshorn

Structural Elements for Architects and Builders

Jonathan Ochshorn

Asis well known, architects and builders rarely design the structural elements and systems within their buildings, instead engaging the services of (and, it is to be hoped, collaborating with) structural engineers, or relying upon standard practices sanctioned by building codes. Where architects or builders wish to be adventurous with their structures, some knowledge of structural behavior and the potential of structural materials is certainly useful. On the other hand, where they are content to employ generic structural systems — platform framing in wood, simple skeletal frames in steel or reinforced concrete — one can get by with little actual knowledge of structural design, relying instead on the expertise of structural consultants and the knowledge of common spans, heights, and cross-sectional dimensions around which many ordinary buildings can be planned.

The heroic stage of modernism, in which architects often sought to reconcile structural behavior and overall building form — some finding inspiration in the structural frame or the load-bearing wall — was also the heroic stage of structural education for architects: it was hardly necessary, in that context, to explain why architects needed to learn about structures. Some of the same excitement about the potential of structure in architecture still remains, but it is also true that a “ mannerist ” tendency has emerged, interested not necessarily in renouncing the role of structure inarchitecture, but rather reveling in its potential to distort, twist, fragment, and otherwise subvert modernist conventions and the architectural forms they support.

Yet all structures, whether hidden from view or boldly expressed, follow the same laws of equilibrium, are exposed to the same types of forces and are constrained by the same material properties and manufacturing practices. It is, therefore, appropriate for architects and builders to study structures in such a way that the basic principles underlying all structural form become clear. This can be accomplished in three phases: (1) by studying the concepts of statics and strength of materials, (2) by learning how these concepts are applied to the design of common structural elements fabricated from real materials, and (3) by gaining insight into the design of structural systems comprised of structural elements interconnected in a coherent pattern.

Much of the material presented in this text can be found elsewhere; the basic conditions of equilibrium, historical insights into structural behavior that form the basis for structural design, and recommendations for design procedures incorporated into building codes are all widely disseminated through industry-published manuals, government-sanctioned codes, and academic texts. Many excellent structures texts have been written specifically for architects and builders.

Content :

CHAPTER 1 Statics
CHAPTER 2 Loads
CHAPTER 3 Material properties
CHAPTER 4 Sectional properties
CHAPTER 5 Design approaches
CHAPTER 6 Tension elements
CHAPTER 7 Columns
CHAPTER 8 Beams
CHAPTER 9 Connections

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Precast Concrete Structures, Second Edition Kim S. Elliott

Precast Concrete Structures, Second Edition

Kim S. Elliott

A precast concrete structure is an assemblage of precast elements which, when suitably connected together, form a three-dimensional framework capable of resisting gravitation and wind (or even earthquake*) loads.

The framework is ideally suited to buildings such as offices, retail units, car parks, schools, stadia, and other such buildings requiring minimal internal obstruction and multifunctional leasable space. The quantity of concrete in a precast framework is less than 4% of the gross volume of the building, and two-thirds of this is in the floors. In the case of the shopping centre and car park shown in Figure 1.6, the precast concrete elements supporting vertical actions (i.e. gravity loads) are columns, beams, floor slabs, staircases, and stair-cores.

The framework is ‘braced’ against horizontal actions (i.e. lateral loads and wind pressure) using very deep columns (gable end to the left of the photo) and diagonal bracing (front elevation). The framework shown in Figure 1.7 was built using similar elements, but because the resistance against horizontal actions is provided by the same columns that support vertical actions, the framework and hence the columns are classed as ‘unbraced’.

The precast framework Figure 1.8 is likewise a column, beam and slab structure, but here the beam-to-column connections are designed as moment resisting, and therefore together with the strength and stiffness of the beams and columns, the resistance against horizontal actions is provided frame action, in a similar manner as for cast in-situ concrete frames.

The distinguishing feature of the precast framework is that the beam-to-column connections are rarely fully rigid, known as ‘semi-rigid’, and therefore the columns must also resist horizontal actions as in the case of the unbraced frame in Figure 1.7. The frameworks shown in Figures 1.9 and 1.10 were built using similar elements, but thanks to some creative surface finishes and more expensive mouldings, this building appears to have a completely different function, both architecturally and structurally.

Content :

What is precast concrete
Materials used in precast structures
Precast frame analysis
Precast concrete floors
Precast concrete beams
Precast concrete columns
Shear walls
Horizontal floor diaphragms
Joints and connections
Joints and connections
Beam and column connections
Ties in precast concrete structures
Design exercise for 10-storey precast skeletal frame

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RC Element Analysis and Design Program

The theory and techniques relative to the design and proportioning of concrete mixes, as well as the placing, finishing, and curing of concrete, are outside the scope of this book and are adequately discussed in many other publications . Field testing, quality control, and inspection are also adequately covered elsewhere. This is not to imply that these are of less importance in overall concrete construction technology but only to reiterate that the objective of this book is to deal with the design and analysis of reinforced concrete members.

The design and construction of reinforced concrete buildings is controlled by the Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318-11) of the American Concrete Institute (ACI) [1]. The use of the term code in this text refers to the ACI Code unless otherwise stipulated. The code is revised, updated, and reissued on a 3-year cycle. The
code itself has no legal status. It has been incorporated into the building codes of almost all states and municipalities
throughout the United States, however. When so incorporated, it has official sanction, becomes a legal document, and
is part of the law controlling reinforced concrete design and construction in a particular area.

Therefore, tensile reinforcement must be embedded in the concrete to overcome this deficiency. In the United
States, this reinforcement is in the form of steel reinforcing bars or welded wire reinforcing composed of steel wire. In
addition, reinforcing in the form of structural steel shapes, steel pipe, steel tubing, and high-strength steel tendons is
permitted by the ACI Code.

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Building Materials, Third Edition

Building Materials, Third Edition – S. K. Duggal

The book is considerably modified version of the 2000 edition. In third edition of the book
extensive revisions have been made. New materials have been introduced due to the advances
in the technology and progress in industry. The information presented includes characteristics
of the materials in regards to their physical and mechanical properties with emphasis on their
strength and durability qualities. The material presented can be supplemented by the information
from I.S. Codes and various product manufacturers.

This edition embodies material changes in the chapters dealing with Cement, Concrete,
Lime and many others. Testing procedures of the materials have been updated for most of the
materials as some of the codes have been revised. Especially, in chapter 3 on Rocks and Stones
the section on testing of Stones has been completely rewritten.

Chapter 8 on Lime has been completely rewritten to make it more reader friendly. Logical
changes in chapter 5 on Cement, chapter 10 on Concrete and chapter 20 on Special Cements
and Cement Concretes have been made. Admixtures for concrete have been placed in chapter
10 and section on Pointing has been removed from chapter 12 on Building Mortars. Many
newer and upcoming more important concretes such as Self compacting Concrete, Bacterial
Concrete have been introduced in chapter 20 on special Cements and Cement Concrete.

Numerous revision of data and substitutions in description have been made not only in these
chapters but in other chapters also. Smart materials and composite materials have been
introduced in chapter 21 on Miscellaneous Materials.
The author will be grateful to the readers for their comments and suggestions for further
improvement of the book.

Building materials have an important role to play in this modern age of technology. Although
their most important use is in construction activities, no field of engineering is conceivable
without their use. Also, the building materials industry is an important contributor in our
national economy as its output governs both the rate and the quality of construction work.
There are certain general factors which affect the choice of materials for a particular scheme.
Perhaps the most important of these is the climatic background.

Obviously, different materials
and forms of construction have developed in different parts of the world as a result of climatic
differences. Another factor is the economic aspect of the choice of materials. The rapid advance
of constructional methods, the increasing introduction of mechanical tools and plants, and
changes in the organisation of the building industry may appreciably influence the choice of
materials.

Content :

Principal Properties of Building Materials
Structural Clay Products
Rocks and Stones
Wood and Wood Products
Materials for Making Concrete-I Cement
Materials for Making Concrete-II Aggregates
Materials for Making Concrete-III Water
Materials for Making Concrete-IV Lime
Puzzolanas
Concrete
Concrete Mix Design
Building Mortars
Ferrous Metals
Non-Ferrous Metals
Ceramic Materials
Polymeric Materials
Paints, Enamels and Varnishes
Tar, Bitumen and Asphalt
Special Cements and Cement Concretes

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Simplified Design of Reinforced Concrete Buildings Fourth Edition

There is a little doubt that the construction of a very tall building, a large domed arena, or any other prominent
mega structure attracts the interest of a great number of structural engineers. The construction of such
structures usually represents the highest level of sophistication in structural design and often introduces
daring new concepts and structural innovations as well as improvements in construction techniques.
The Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete (ACI 318) is an authoritative document often adopted and
referenced as a design and construction standard in building codes around the country as well as in the
specifications of several federal agencies, its provisions thus becoming law. Whether ACI 318 is enforced as part
of building regulations or is otherwise utilized as a voluntary consensus standard, design professionals use this
standard almost exclusively as the basis for the proper design and construction of reinforced concrete buildings.

Many structural engineers have the desire to become professionally involved in the design of such distinctive
buildings during their careers. However, very few projects of this prestigious caliber are built in any given year.
Truly, the building universe consists largely of low-rise and small-area buildings. Figure 1-1 shows the
percentage of building floor area constructed in 2002 in terms of different building height categories. The
figure shows that the vast majority of the physical volume of construction is in the 1- to 3-story height range.

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Civil Engineering Spreadsheets

Civil Engineering Spreadsheets – 150 civil engineering spreadsheets in structural, hydraulic, geotechnical engineering

This achieve contains nearly 150 civil engineering spreadsheets in structural, hydraulic, geotechnical engineering.

Content:

2-DOF System Dynamic Simulation.zip
2D_Frame.zip
2D_Truss_2002.zip
2D_Truss_DOS.zip
3D_Truss_DOS.zip
ANSYS Result File Filter.zip
Analysis of Plane Frames_plf5.zip
Analysis of Space Frames_spf6.zip
Analytc.xls
AnchorageToConcrete.xls
Atterberg.zip
BasePlate.xls
BeamAnalysis.xlt
BeamConnection.xls
Bolt Design Program.xls
Boltgroup.zip
BoltsConnection.xls
BoundarySpringGenerator.xls
Bridge2d_97.exe
CALCULO DE POLIGONAL BASE Y RADIACIONES TAQUI…
CID Pilecaps.XLS
Centrifuge_Calculates settling times.zip
CircularColumn.xlt
ColumnShear.zip
Combined Footing Design.xls
CombinedFooting.xls
CompositeMember.xls
Computer Aided Design Beam (CADB) Thailand.xls
Concrete Design & Batch 1.2.zip
ConcreteBeam.xls
ConcreteColumn.xls
ConcreteRetainingWall.xls
Concrete_RetainingWall.xls
Contbeam.zip
Continuous Beam Influence Lines..exe
Corbel.xls
CouplingBeam.xls
Dana App.zip
DeepBeam.xls
Design and Analysis of Concrete Structure.zip
Diaphragm-Ledger-CMUWall.xls
EBF-IBC.xls
EBF-UBC.xls
Engineering_Formulas.zip
Ensayo Compresi&oacute_n Inconfinada v1.0.xls
Excel_2D_Truss_Analysis_2004_(For_Distri butio…
Fast_Formulas.zip
Fast_Formulas_Spreadsheets.zip
Fdadvdis.xls
Fdadvret.xls
Fdfick2.xls
Fdnnlret.xls
Financed project for potential incentive fund…
Flagpole.xls
FloorDeck.xls
Footing Design.xls
Footing.xls
Foundationpad.xls
Friction.xls
Fscons.xls
Inch-foot calculations.xls
Inf_line.zip
Isolated Footing Design.xls
JoistGirder.xls
LRFD_ShearTorsion2004.zip
Live Mohr’s Circle!.zip
MTesting4.15_Thailand.xls
Map_Projections.xls
MasonryRetainingWall.xls
MechanicalUnitAnchorage.xls
Minlogic.zip
Moment_Dist.zip
MudMaster.zip
NEO RC Design4.20_Thailand.xls
NEO Timber_Steel_Thailand.4.15.xls
NEO Timber_Steel_Thailand.4.20.xls
NEO_FOOTING_Retaining_Wall_Thailand.xls
NEO_PreStressed4.20_Thailand.xls
OCBF-IBC.xls
OCBF-UBC.xls
OMRF-IBC.xls
OMRF-UBC.xls
PT-SlabOnGround.xls
Pile Foundation Design.doc
Pile Foundation Design.pdf
PileLoads.xlt
PlainConcreteFooting.xls
Post-Tension.xls
Post-Tension.xlw
PostPro2000.exe
PostPro97.exe
PrestLoss2.zip
PrestressedMember.xls
Project Life Cycle Cost Analysis LCC2005 – EP…
Projwr.pdf
Qfact_calculation of the broadening descripto…
RCC11 Element Design.xls
RCC12 Bending and Axial Force.xls
RCC13 Punching Shear.xls
RCC14 Crack Width.xls
RCC21 Subframe Analysis.xls
RCC31 One-way slabs (A&D).xls
RCC32 Ribbed Slabs (A & D).xls
RCC41 Continuous Beams (A & D).xls
RCC42 Post tensioned Analysis & Design.xls
RCC51 Column Load Take-down & Design.xls
RCC52 Column Chart generation.xls
RCC53 Column Design.xls
RCC61 Basement Wall.xls
RCC62 Retaining Wall.xls
RCC71 Stair Flight & Landing – Single.xls
RCC72 Stairs & Landings – Multiple.xls
RCC81 Foundation Pads.xls
RCC91 One-way Solid Slabs (Tables).xls
RCC92 Ribbed Slabs (Tables).xls
RCC93 Flat Slabs (Tables).xls
RCC94 Two-way Slabs (Tables).xls
RCC95 Continuous Beams (Tables).xls
RCCe11 Element Design.xls
RCCe21 Subframe Analysis.xls
RCCe41 Continuous Beams (A & D).xls
Rectangular Beam Design.zip
RectangularColumn.xlt
Regression.zip
RestrainedRetainingWall.xls
Retaining Wall rcc62.xls
Retaining Wall.xls
RoofDeck.xls
SCBF-IBC.xls
SCBF-UBC.xls
SHORTCOL2.zip
SMRF-ACI.xls
SMRF-IBC.xls
SMRF-UBC.xls
STATE.XLS
SectProp.zip
Section properties of a plate girder.zip
SectionDesign2.xlt
Seismic-IBC.xls
Seismic-UBC.xls
ShearWall.xls
ShearWallOpening.xls
Short Column Analysis.xls
Slab.xls
Snow.xls
Space Frame Analysis 2.1.zip
Steel Beam Design.xls
SteelJoists.xls
Subdiaphragm.xls
Survey_Map_Projections.xls
Terzcons.xls
TiltupPanel.xls
ToeNail.xls
TopPlateConnection.xls
WF-Opening.xls
WallFooting.xls
WallLateralForce-IBC.xls
WallLateralForce-UBC.xls
WeldConnection.xls
WeldGroup.zip
Weld_Design.xlt
Wind-ASCE7.xls
Wind-UBC.xls
WoodBeam.xls
WoodColumn.xls
WoodDiaphragm.xls
WoodShearWall.xls
WorkSheet.xls
WorkSheet.zip
WorkSheet_Design_Thailand.xls
WorkSheet_Design_Thailand.zip
sbeam20.zip

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Water structures Sheets – Dam Spillway Design, Complete Water Supply Treatment Plant

1-Dam Spillway Design:
A spillway is a structure used to provide the controlled release of flows from a dam or levee into a downstream area, typically being the river that was dammed. In the UK they may be known as overflow channels. Spillways release floods so that the water does not overtop and damage or even destroy the dam. Except during flood periods, water does not normally flow over a spillway. In contrast, an intake is a structure used to release water on a regular basis for water supply, hydroelectricity generation, etc. Floodgates and fuse plugs may be designed into spillways to regulate water flow and dam height. Other uses of the term “spillway” include bypasses of dams or outlets of a channels used during highwater, and outlet channels carved through natural dams such as moraines.

Energy dissipation
As water passes over a spillway and down the chute, potential energy converts into increasing kinetic energy. Failure to dissipate the water’s energy can lead to scouring and erosion at the dam’s toe (base). This can cause spillway damage and undermine the dam’s stability. The energy can be dissipated by addressing one or more parts of a spillway’s design.
Steps – First, on the spillway surface itself by baffles and/or steps along the spillway.
Flip bucket – Second, at the base of a spillway, a flip bucket can create a hydraulic jump and deflect water upwards.
Ski jump – A ski jump can also direct water horizontally and eventually down into a plunge pool or two ski jumps can direct their water discharges to collide with one another.
Stilling basin – Third, a stilling basin at the terminus of a spillway serves to further dissipate energy and prevent erosion. They are usually filled with a relatively shallow depth of water and sometimes lined with concrete. A number of velocity-reducing components can be incorporated into the their design to include chute blocks, baffle blocks, wing walls, surface boils or an end sill.

2-Complete Water Supply Treatment Plant:
Complete Water Supply Treatment Plant
Calculation of Water Demand
Physical & Chemical Standards Of Water
Comparison of Given Data & Standard Data and Treatment Proposed
Design of Intake Well
Design of Pen Stock & Bell Mouth Strainer
Design of Gravity Main
Design of Jack Well
Design Of Pumping System
Design of Rising Main
Treatment Units – Design Of Aeration Unit
Design Of Chemical House & Calculation Of Chemical Dose
Lime – Soda Process
Design Criteria for Mechanical Rapid Mix Unit
Design Of Clariflocculator
Design Of Rapid Gravity Filter
Design Of Disinfection Unit

The rar file includes the following sheets:
bucket design.xls
Complete Water Supply Treatment Plant.xlsx
length of spill way.xls
optimisation of spillway-Ungated.xls
Spillway Stability.xls

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Jong Wan H., Smart Connection Systems – Design and Seismic Analysis, 2015

This book introduces new smart connection systems which can be used in aseismic building design in order to control inter-story drifts and to reduce residual displacements.

They are also utilized as damper devices and base isolators. The application of these systems to composite moment frame buildings will also be treated in the book.

In addition, the book will discuss how to make nonlinear frame models used for simulating entire behavior in the building as well as advance finite element (FE) models used for accurately reproducing mechanical behavior in the local system. Will be of interest to researchers, engineers, and students in the field of civil and structural engineering.