This spreadsheet is a program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of analysis of either S-shape or W-shape underhung monorail beams analyzed as simple-spans with or without overhangs (cantilevers).
Specifically, the x-axis and y-axis bending moments as well as any torsion effects are calculated. The actual and allowable stresses are determined, and the effect of lower flange bending is also addressed by two different approaches.
Generally, we calculate deflection by taking the double integral of the Bending Moment Equation means M(x) divided by the product of E and I (i.e. Young’s Modulus and Moment of Inertia). … This number defines the distance in which the beam can be deflected from its original position.
A traditional gravity masonry retaining wall uses the mass of the brickwork/masonry to retain the earth behind it.
It can be built using a number of materials. The mass or weight of the bricks or blocks will determine the size of the wall required.
A septic tank is an underground chamber made of concrete, fiberglass, or plastic through which domestic wastewater (sewage) flows for basic treatment.
Settling and anaerobic processes reduce solids and organics, but the treatment efficiency is only moderate (referred to as “primary treatment”).
Septic tank systems are a type of simple onsite sewage facility (OSSF).
They can be used in areas that are not connected to a sewerage system, such as rural areas. The treated liquid effluent is commonly disposed in a septic drain field, which provides further treatment. Nonetheless, groundwater pollution may occur and can be a problem.
The term “septic” refers to the anaerobic bacterial environment that develops in the tank that decomposes or mineralizes the waste discharged into the tank.
Septic tanks can be coupled with other onsite wastewater treatment units such as biofilters or aerobic systems involving artificially forced aeration.
The rate of accumulation of sludge—also called septage or fecal sludge—is faster than the rate of decomposition.Therefore, the accumulated fecal sludge must be periodically removed, which is commonly done with a vacuum truck.
This spreadsheet is a program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of considering the thermal effects for a
steel building or structure. Specifically, the appropriate maximum design temperature change, the change of
length or stress as applicable, and the maximum building or structure length either without or between expansion
joints is determined. There is also a “General Thermal Effects Calculator” which can be used to selectively
determine any of the analysis parameters, as well as a temperature converter which can be used to convert from
oC (Celsius) to oF (Fahrenheit).
