External Wind Pressure (Pe) Calculation Spreadsheet

External Wind Pressure (Pe) Calculation Spreadsheet

 

EXTERNAL WIND PRESSURE is the physical principle behind the pressure tube (Pitot) or pressure-plate anemometer.  The wind pressure is also used to orient wind vanes and measure the wind direction.

The pressure plate measures the deflection of a flat plate that is continually oriented along the wind direction by a vane.

 

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Axial Column Shortening Design and Calculation To EN 1992-1 2003 Spreadsheet

Axial Column Shortening Design and Calculation To EN 1992-1 2003 Spreadsheet

 

AXIAL COLUMN SHORTENING In tall buildings, columns carry huge loads which effectively compress the column along its axis. This is commonly known as ‘axial shortening’.

The axial column displacements generate significant forces within the structural elements they support, and can also cause failure of surrounding non-structural elements.

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Circular Column Charting To BS 8110 – 1997 Spreadsheet

Circular Column Charting To BS 8110 – 1997 Spreadsheet

 

Circular Column: Circular columns are mostly used in piling and elevation of the buildings for aesthetic purposes.

In a circular column, more than 4 longitudinal steel bars are used as a reinforcement bar. Its bending resistance is generally higher than the square or rectangular column.

 

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